EXW— Ex Works(Giao tại xưởng)
EXW (Ex Works) places the lightest obligation on the seller of all eleven rules: the seller only has to make the goods available to the buyer at its own premises or another named place. Everything after that, including loading, carriage and clearance at both ends, is the buyer's task and cost.
Cost, risk and clearance at a glance
Delivery & risk transfer
Delivery takes place when the seller places the goods at the buyer's disposal at the named place, before they are loaded on the collecting vehicle. Risk passes to the buyer at that moment, so even the loading operation is at the buyer's risk, although in practice the seller usually does the loading.
Cost split
The buyer bears every cost from the point of delivery: loading, inland transport in the export country, export clearance, international freight, insurance (if bought), import clearance and delivery to its warehouse. An EXW price is therefore the lowest figure on the invoice, but the true cost only emerges once every remaining leg is added.
Insurance
Neither party is obliged to insure. Whichever party bears the transit risk should consider buying cover for that leg.
Watch out for
- The seller has no duty to clear the goods for export, only to assist on request. A foreign buyer often cannot handle export formalities in the seller's country, so for international deals ICC suggests considering FCA instead.
- Loading risk sits with the buyer even when the seller does the loading. A buyer unwilling to carry that risk should switch to FCA: when delivery is at the seller's premises, loading is at the seller's risk.
- EXW suits domestic trade best, or cases where the buyer has an agent or forwarder in the export country.
Converting a EXW price to Vietnamese customs value
Importing into Vietnam
- + Freight & costs up to the import gate
- + International insurance (if bought)
Exporting from Vietnam
- + Cost of bringing goods to the export gate (if not in the price)
Legal basis: Circular 39/2015/TT-BTC, amended by 60/2019/TT-BTC.
"Incoterms" is a registered trademark of ICC. This page is HSCodeVN's own plain-language summary, for reference only; the authoritative rules are ICC's Incoterms® 2020 publication.